Statistics

21. An index number designed to measure changes in prices of goods is called:

• A Quantity Index Number
• B Price Index Number Correct answer
• C Value Index Number
• D Composite Index Number

22. The main goal of local control in experimental design is to:

• A Reduce experimental error variance Correct answer
• B Increase the number of treatments
• C Avoid bias
• D Simplify calculation

23. Laspeyres price index uses weights from the:

• A Base period Correct answer
• B Current period
• C Average of both periods
• D Future period

24. For a Latin Square Design of order p, the degrees of freedom for the error term is:

• A (p – 1)(p – 2) Correct answer
• B p^2 – 1
• C p(p – 1)
• D p(p – 2)

25. Paasche price index uses weights from the:

• A Base period
• B Current period Correct answer
• C Average of both periods
• D Fixed period

26. The process of replicating treatments in an experiment ensures that we can:

• A Estimate experimental error Correct answer
• B Eliminate bias completely
• C Reduce the number of blocks
• D Avoid calculations

27. In a two-way ANOVA with r rows and c columns, the degrees of freedom for the interaction term is:

• A (r – 1)(c – 1) Correct answer
• B rc – 1
• C r + c – 2
• D rc – r – c

28. If the null hypothesis in ANOVA is rejected, which of the following test is typically performed to find which means are different?

• A Z-test
• B Post-hoc test (e.g., Tukey's HSD) Correct answer
• C Chi-Square goodness of fit
• D Sign test

29. Which of the following is a non-parametric alternative to the independent samples t-test?

• A Mann-Whitney U test Correct answer
• B Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test
• C Kruskal-Wallis test
• D Friedman test

30. The non-parametric alternative to the paired-samples t-test is the:

• A Mann-Whitney U test
• B Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test Correct answer
• C Kruskal-Wallis test
• D Chi-square test of independence